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Submuscular Breast Augmentation

Background

Breast augmentation is usually performed to enhance the size and shape of a woman’s breasts. Surgery can often improve an individual’s self-image. Historically, breast enlargement was accomplished by 1 of 4 methods, with varying degrees of success.

  • Inert materials such as silicone or paraffin have been injected directly into the parenchymal tissue to increase breast size. This method was abandoned because of the exceedingly high incidence of acute and long-term complications. Granuloma formation frequently occurs with this procedure, as well as skin loss and scar contracture, producing disfigurement.
  • Autogenous tissue injections also have been used in an attempt to enhance and enlarge the breast shape. Autogenous tissues, including omentum, fat, muscle, lipomas, and skin, in the form of dermis or dermal fat grafts, have been used to enhance and enlarge the breasts. Results from injection of autogenous tissue have lacked predictability. In addition to the risks of scarring and uneven texture that may be visible in patients who have undergone tissue injection into the breasts, microcalcifications may develop. This makes performing follow-up mammography on these women for early diagnosis ofbreast cancerdifficult.
  • Recently, a suction pump device was used to attempt to enhance the breast shape. However, while some enlargement was noted, the overall aesthetic shape in these individuals was lacking significantly.
  • Implants filled with a substance can be placed to enhance and enlarge the size of the breast.

Implants, most often filled with either silicone or saline, have been used since the 1960s to enhance and enlarge the shape of female breast tissue. Currently, they are the preferred method for augmentation mammaplasty.

Read more at: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1273275-overview



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